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Jumping In: Balancing All Three Disciplines

Updated: Mar 5th 2010 2:46 PM EST by Training

Over the next week Triathlete Magazine Senior Editor Matt Fitzgerald will provide six tips on jumping in to the sport of triathlon. In the first article, Fitzgerald explains how to balance the training load of all three sports.Written by: Matt Fitzgerald

Become a good triathletes involves discipline and a balanced approach to all three sports.

Become a good triathlete involves discipline and a balanced approach to all three sports.

Swimming, cycling and running are all equally important to triathlon success. Sure, you spend a lot more time on the bike than you spend in the water or on foot, but weaknesses in swimming or running are just as likely to limit your overall performance as weakness on the bike. Therefore, you should do a roughly equal number of swims, rides and runs each week. At a minimum, you should do two workouts per week in each discipline. Three workouts per discipline each week is a suitable schedule for most competitive triathletes. There’s nothing to be gained by doing more than four workouts per discipline each week. It’s a good idea to do one combined bike-run (or brick) workout each week. The bike and run segments of this workout can each count toward your total number of workouts in each discipline, or one segment can count as an extra session in that particular discipline.

Following are four basic weekly workout templates. One features two workouts per discipline per week; the second features three workouts per discipline per week; the third features four workouts per discipline per week; and the last features three workouts per discipline per week plus either a fourth ride or a fourth run, thanks to the inclusion of a weekly brick workout (whose position within the week alternates from week to week so that the extra session is a run one week, a ride the next and so forth).

Sample weekly workout template #1

2 swims, 2 rides, 2 runs

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Off Swim Bike Run Swim Bike Run

Sample weekly workout template #2

3 swims, 3 rides, 3 runs

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Off Swim Bike Swim Run Bike Bike
Run Run Swim

Sample weekly workout template #3

4 swims, 4 rides, 4 runs

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Swim Bike Swim Bike Swim Run Bike
Run Run Bike Swim Run

Sample weekly workout template #4

Week 1: 3 swims, 3 rides, 4 runs

Week 2: 3 swims, 4 rides, 3 runs

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Off Swim Brick (Bike/Run) Swim Run Bike Bike
Run Run Swim
Off Swim Brick (Bike/Run) Swim Run Bike Bike
Bike Run Swim

Click here to see the complete series.

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  • Mark Hoffman
    I'd like to see how he would lay out when to do your long ride and long run each week (3x swim, run, 4x bike). Long ride Saturday, long run Sunday?
  • solsukut
    Mark, I'm not sure if anyone replied.
    I've been doing a "3x each" program for several months now. It also includes speed sets in 1 workout, and 1 long distance per discipline each week. Distances depend on the race your training for. I'm doing a 1/2 IM in July but at this point "medium distance"= ~1500 swim; 20mile bike, 5-6mile run; and long distance=2200 swim; 40mile bike; 12 mile run. You could use same program with any distances.

    MON: swim (medium distance w/ speed sets); bike (medium) (brick)
    TUE: run (medium distance w/ speed sets)
    WED: swim (medium distance); bike (long) (brick)
    Thur: swim(long)
    FRI: bike (medium w/speed sets) + run (long) (brick)
    Sat: rest
    Sun: run (medium)

    Intensity-medium and long days are No Greater than 75% heartrate max (stay aerobic)
    -speed sets are at 90-95% effort
    Swim: 4x25, 4x50, 2x100 (still building up to 4)
    Bike: 4x1/4mile; 4x1/2 mile; 4x1mile
    Run: 4x100; 4x200; 4x400 (or just 6x400 on treadmill)

    You do this cycle for 3 weeks increasing the overall workout distances by ~10% each week, then week 4 you cut everything by 1/2 and do no speed work for a recovery week. Then repeat starting back at week 1 distances. When you see a training accomidation (based on TT time or using heart-rate feedback), you keep the distances from week "3" as your start point for your new week "1" after the recovery week.

    Do 1 TT per month for assessment (600yd swim; 13mile bike; 3mile run).

    The key is good hydration and fueling (plus a little Biofreeze and self-massage if your old :-) ) on the long days, and taking it easy on the medium days except for the speed sets. You could do either long workout on weekend, but trying to do your long bike and long run on consecutive days will affect your run some.

    Keep it fast!
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